Scope and Contents Instructions for the cavalry, troops, and militants who guarded California's established missions in 1773 are included in a list of seventeen directives. Instructions clarify that all soldiers must be accompanied while patrolling on mission grounds and when they must leave the premise for any reason. They must also accompany Franciscans if they leave the missions in groups of 5. Their duties include the maintenance and protection of all livestock, correspondence, and safeguarding day and...

Scope and Contents

This manuscript, written by Francisco Antonio Mourelle, describes the 1779 Northwest voyage led by Lieutenant Ignacio de Arteaga. They departed on February 11, 1779, from the port of San Blas and headed to the Northwest Coast of America, with stops along Alta California. There are several encounters with Indigenous people along the journey, as well as details of position at sea, weather, and location details. The ships returned to San Blas on November 21, 1779.

Scope and Contents Felipe de Neve enlists the financial expenses of the cavalry and settlers in Old and New California throughout the missions of Monterrey, San Carlos, San Antonio, San Luis (provisional regulations), San Diego, San Gabriel, San Capistrano, and San Francisco. Summarized through thetotal costs in pesos, there is an account of the tariffs for armor, transportation, cattle and calves, and rations between single and full households. Additionally, there are a total of fifteen provisional laws with...

Scope and Contents Bernardo de Galvez writes about his thoughts on the Apache Indian War in New Spain and how the Apache population has positive and negative qualities during a time of war. The accountability that is remarked on their natural way of being is mostly positive, with explanation of their violence towards Spaniards. He discusses their use of weapons in a time of war and their militant strategy as superior to that of the Spanish military. He mentions the strengths and weaknesses of the Conchos,...

Scope and Contents

Provides in detail the quantitative provisions provided by Don Juan de Oñate on the journey to New Mexico, and what laws were to be governed by him as leader of the expedition. Each section describes the viceroy's and Don Juan de Onate's agreements, with instructions based on arrests of civilians or enemies, subjugation of Indigenous tribes, and duties as appointed governor of New Spain.

Scope and Contents

The Viceroy of New Spain Tomás de la Cerda, more commonly known as Count de Paredes, transmits information from the Royal Officials of Vera Cruz as to the first expenses for the purchase and transportation of the sails, rigging, and other supplies for outfitting the ships being built in Sinaloa for the conversion and settlement of California. The amount was 7,976 pesos and 20 tomines of gold, which were supplied by the Royal Treasuries of Yucatan and Guatemala.

Scope and Contents

The Viceroy of New Spain Tomás de la Cerda, more commonly known as Count de Paredes, transmits information from the Royal Officials of Vera Cruz as to the total expenses for the conversion and settlement in California. He attributes the attainment of carpenters, sailors, and fishers in the Sinaloa port to the coast of California.

Scope and Contents

In this reflective report, the writer discusses the expedition that was made on the frigate S.M. in June of 1774 to the coasts of California. On each embarkation that was made along the coast, there is mention of interactions with Indigenous populations, traded goods, and the conditions of the Monterrey Missions, including the Missions of San Diego, San Gabriel, San Luis, San Antonio, and San Carlos.

Scope and Contents

Charles Laveau Trudeau, more commonly known as Don Carlos Trudeau, was a royal surveyor of lands for Spanish Louisiana and Florida in the early nineteenth century. In this original land survey, he describes the province of La Feliciana and all of its measuring lines and angles, boundaries, and property lines. He also mentions that this land was previously surveyed by Don Vicente Sebastian Pintado, a Spanish military officer and land surveyor of Spanish Louisiana.

Scope and Contents Under the troops of Don Juan de Mendoza, Spanish colonists attacked the Pima, Ceris (Seris), and Yaquis Nations for the surrender of Cerro Prieto territory on November 25, 1768. After these Indigenous nations refused to concede their lands, Spanish troops began to spy on them and plan strategic ambushes against them. They attacked all three nations with offensive fire, demolitions, and firearms. The document accounts for the total number of stolen goods, kidnappings, and deaths of Indigenous...